what is an area of refuge

3 min read 05-02-2025

An area of refuge (AoR) is a designated space providing temporary safety during emergencies, like fires. It's designed to protect occupants until firefighters arrive. AoRs are crucial for high-rise buildings, large commercial structures, and other locations where evacuation might be challenging or dangerous. Understanding what constitutes an area of refuge and its importance is vital for building safety.

Understanding the Purpose of an Area of Refuge

The primary goal of an area of refuge is to offer a protected location during an emergency evacuation. This is especially important for people who may have difficulty evacuating quickly, such as those with mobility impairments or other disabilities. AoRs provide a safe place to wait for rescue, minimizing the risks associated with a full building evacuation.

Key Features of an Area of Refuge

Effective areas of refuge share several key features:

Accessibility: Easily accessible for people with disabilities, including ramps, wide doorways, and elevators.
Communication: Equipped with two-way communication systems (phones or intercoms) to contact emergency responders.
Protection: Provides physical protection from smoke, fire, and other hazards. This often includes fire-resistant materials and a sealed environment.
Visibility: Clearly marked and easily identifiable during an emergency. Signage should be prominent and follow accessibility guidelines.
Supplies: May contain emergency supplies, such as water, first-aid kits, and fire extinguishers. The exact supplies will vary depending on the building and local regulations.
Space: Adequate space to accommodate the expected number of occupants needing refuge.

Types of Areas of Refuge

Areas of refuge can vary depending on the building's design and the specific needs of its occupants. Some common types include:

Stairwell Landings: Larger stairwell landings can be designated as areas of refuge, providing a protected space on each floor.
Dedicated Rooms: Some buildings include dedicated rooms specifically designed and equipped as areas of refuge.
Vestibules: Certain building designs may incorporate vestibules as areas of refuge.
Exterior Balconies: In some instances, protected exterior balconies may be used. (Note: this requires specific safety measures and design considerations).

Who Needs an Area of Refuge?

The need for an area of refuge is often determined by building codes and regulations. Generally, buildings with a high occupancy load, multiple floors, or potential evacuation challenges are required to incorporate AoRs. This includes:

High-rise buildings: The greater the height, the higher the risk and the greater the need for multiple AoRs.
Hospitals and nursing homes: These facilities often have a high population of individuals with mobility issues.
Schools and universities: Large numbers of people and varying mobility levels necessitate the presence of safe spaces.
Commercial buildings: Large office complexes and shopping centers require strategic placement of AoRs.

How to Find an Area of Refuge

In the event of an emergency, knowing how to locate the nearest area of refuge is crucial. Building management should clearly mark AoRs and provide evacuation plans to occupants. Evacuation maps should highlight the location of these safe spaces. Look for signage that clearly indicates the refuge area.

FAQs about Areas of Refuge

Q: What is the difference between an area of refuge and a fire escape?

A: A fire escape is for evacuation outside the building. An area of refuge provides temporary safety inside the building, allowing occupants to wait for rescue.

Q: Are all buildings required to have an area of refuge?

A: No. Building codes vary by location, but high-rise buildings and those with significant occupancy loads are more likely to require AoRs.

Q: What should I do if I reach an area of refuge?

A: Stay calm. Contact emergency services using the communication systems provided. Wait for rescue personnel to arrive. Do not attempt to leave until instructed to do so by emergency responders.

Areas of refuge are essential components of building safety, providing crucial protection during emergencies. Their strategic placement and design significantly impact the safety and well-being of building occupants, especially those with mobility challenges. Understanding their purpose, location, and features is critical for ensuring the safety of everyone in a building.